46)In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything — a single generative equation for all we see。

　　46. 物理学中，有一种方法将这种对统一性的紧迫需求发挥到了极致，追求一种具有普遍意义的理论，即为我们所见之物寻求一种单一的生成公式。

　　47)Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification, for if all humans share common origins, it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings。

　　47. 在此，达尔文似乎给出了合理化的解释，这是因为如果整个人类有相同的起源，那么我们就有理由认为，文化的多样性同样也可以追溯到更为具体的开端。

　　48)To filter out what is contingent and unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behaviour arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms。

　　48. 从共性中过滤出独特性，我们就可以明白文化行为起源的复杂性，以及文化行为在进化方面和认知方面的源动力。

　　49)The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality, identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages, which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints。

　　49. 第二个为此做出努力的人是约书亚·格林伯格，他采用经验主义的方法来研究普遍性，确认多种语言(尤其是语序方面的)共同特征，这些特征被认为是体现了由于认知局限性而带来的偏见。

　　50)Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations。

　　50. 乔姆斯基的语法体现了与树型结构及其间路径不相关的语言变化模式，而格林伯格的普遍性理论则预见了各种类型的语序关系中存在强烈的相互依存性。

(来源：上海新东方(微博)学校)